Porsche Acronyms and Options Explained

There are literally hundreds of build option code numbers covering every trim, market regulation, or tiny variation, such as the number of 12V outlets in various models over the last 20+ years. These are the most common and desirable codes you’ll encounter when shopping for a used Porsche.

Performance and Chassis Options

• 220 – Porsche Torque Vectoring (PTV)
• 222 – Traction control (ASR/ABD)
• 224 – Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus)
• 249 – Tiptronic S (when paired with automatic trims, Cayenne/Panamera pre-PDK)
• 250 – Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) transmission
• 329 / 330 – Radio/CD player
• 450 – Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes (PCCB, yellow calipers)
• 454 – Cruise control
• 456 – Adaptive air suspension including PASM
• 457 – Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC)
• 474 – Wheel change kit
• 480 – 6-speed manual gearbox (on cars that offered it)
• 483 – Pneumatic shock absorber struts
• 489 – Heated multifunction steering wheel
• 658 – Power steering plus (speed-sensitive steering assist)
• 675 – Rear-axle steering

Interior and Comfort Options

• 139 – Seat heating, left
• 340 – Seat heating, right
• 342 – Seat heating (front)
• 454 – Cruise control
• 541 – Seat ventilation (front)
• 567 – Top-tinted windscreen
• 573 – 2-zone automatic climate control
• 581 – Luggage compartment partition net
• 583 – Smoker package (ashtray + lighter)
• 630 – Light design package (ambient interior lighting)
• 631 – Sun visors in Alcantara
• 638 – ParkAssist (front and rear) with reversing camera
• 640 – Sport Chrono Package
• 861 – Rear entertainment system
• 970 – Two-tone leather interior
• 139 / 340 – Heated seats (depending on L/R markets)

Audio and PCM Infotainment

• 490 – Sound package plus
• 680 – BOSE® Surround Sound System
• 682 – Burmester® High-End 3D Surround Sound System
• 9VL – Sound package upgrade

Exterior Options

• 425 – Rear wiper
• 567 – Top-tinted windscreen
• 602 – Bi-Xenon headlights
• 608 – Auto-dimming mirrors and rain sensor
• 625 – Porsche Entry & Drive (keyless entry/start)
• 636 – ParkAssist (rear only)
• 638 – ParkAssist including reversing camera
• 640 – Sport Chrono Package (with mode switch and launch control on PDK)
• 651 – Electric sliding sunroof / panoramic roof system
• 658 – LED headlights with PDLS (Dynamic Light System)
• 8JU – LED Matrix headlights with PDLS+
• 800 – Black high-gloss exterior package
• 900 – Privacy glass (rear windows tinted)

Hybrid and EV Specific Options

• E1A – Panamera 4 E-Hybrid
• E2A – Panamera 4S E-Hybrid
• E3A – Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid
• E3J – Cayenne E-Hybrid
• KE0 – Charging cable, 230V
• KC0 – On-board AC charger (varies by kW)
• QE1 – Mobile Charger Connect
• QE2 – Mobile Charger Plus

Wheels & Brake Options

• 398 / 399 – 18–21″ wheels (varies by year/model)
• 431 – 20″ Carrera S wheels (911) / equivalent design wheels
• 446 – Wheel center caps with colored Porsche crest
• XRR – 20″ Carrera Classic wheels
• XRR/XRT – Model-specific 20″ and 21″ wheels
• 449 – 21″ Sport Design wheels
• 450 – PCCB brakes (ceramic)
• 474 – Wheel change kit
• XXB – Wheels painted in black (gloss or satin depending on suffix)
• 1KN – PSCB brake option

Exterior Paint and Trim

• LM7Z – Rhodium Silver Metallic (example paint code)
• L92U – Arctic Silver Metallic (example paint code)
• C9A / C9X – Special order paint (PTS: Paint To Sample)
• XSC – Porsche crest embossed in headrests
• XUB – Painted headlight washer covers
• XDK – Wheels painted in black (high-gloss)
• X69 – Carbon sill guards
• Miscellaneous Packages
• 7X2 – ParkAssist (rear only)
• 7X8 – ParkAssist (front and rear) with surround view
• 9VL – Sound package plus
• QR5 – Sport Chrono Package with mode switch
• P3E – Premium Package (bundle of comfort features)
• P3E+ – Premium Package Plus (adds ventilated seats, soft close, etc.)
• P40 / P41 – Sport Package (model-dependent)

Adaptive Cruise Control – ACC

Porsche Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is an advanced vehicle control system that autonomously regulates speed and inter-vehicle distance using real-time sensor data. When cruise control is activated, the system maintains a driver-selected set speed and a configurable time gap to the preceding vehicle. ACC automatically modulates throttle input and brake pressure to sustain the desired vehicle separation. ACC is capable of complete vehicle stops and automated acceleration from standstill in congested traffic conditions.

ACC functionality is extended by Porsche InnoDrive. This integrates predictive route data from the navigation system into the cruise mode. Using high-resolution digital maps and GPS positioning, InnoDrive anticipates speed adjustments for upcoming road geometry, speed limits, gradients, and intersections to safely optimize vehicle acceleration and deceleration.

System Architecture and Operation

• Radar Sensing –  A forward-facing long-range radar module continuously measures the relative distance, bearing, and velocity of vehicles ahead, with range capability exceeding 200 m.

• Speed & Gap Regulation – The control unit compares sensor input to driver-selected parameters. The driver can set speed and time gap – typically adjustable between 1–4 seconds. The system actuates the electronic throttle control and braking system to maintain the target vehicle separation.

• Stop-and-Go Functionality –  In low-speed traffic, ACC can execute a full stop. If the stop duration is short, it will automatically resume motion. For longer stops, driver input such as tapping the accelerator or cruise resume button reactivates the system.

• Driver Override & Adjustment – The driver can modify the set speed or time gap to the vehicle ahead via steering wheel controls at any time. Manual braking or accelerator input overrides ACC and immediately returns full control to the driver.

ACC Faults

Adaptive Cruise Control can be sensitive and a number of issues have arisen when the system is being used. Those include:

• ACC fault – driving permitted message in the instrument cluster
• Intermittent or permanent ACC function loss
• Unexpected alerts or braking events, even when no object is present in front, or no following target detected

Porsche has revised the software a number of times and the way in which calibration of the system is conducted. See common problems for more information.

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems – ADAS

Porsche ADAS is an acronym that refers to the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems offered across the Porsche model range. ADAS systems are electronic safety and convenience features that use sensors, cameras, and radar to help the driver avoid hazards, reduce fatigue, and enhance comfort.

ADAS covers systems such as:

Adaptive Cruise Control – ACC

• Maintains a set speed and following distance.
• Can brake, accelerate, and bring the car to a stop in traffic, then resume automatically.

Porsche InnoDrive – ACC + Predictive Control

• Uses GPS map data, traffic signs, and topography to adjust speed proactively before curves, intersections, or speed limit changes.
• Available on select Panamera, Cayenne, Taycan, and some 911 models.

Lane Change Assist – LCA

• Monitors blind spots and rear traffic.
• Warns if a lane change is unsafe.

Lane Keep Assist  – LKA

• Uses a forward-facing camera to detect lane markings.
• Provides gentle steering inputs to keep the car within its lane.

Traffic Sign Recognition

• Detects and displays speed limits and other road signs in the instrument cluster or head-up display.

Night Vision Assist

• Infrared camera detects pedestrians and large animals beyond headlight range.
• Highlights them in the instrument display.

ParkAssist / Surround View

• Front and rear parking sensors.
• Multiple camera views, including 360° top view.

Collision Avoidance & Braking Assist – Porsche Active Safe – PAS

• Forward collision warning with automatic emergency braking.

Porsche Dynamic Light System – PDLS & PDLS Plus

• Adaptive headlights that swivel with steering.
• PDLS Plus adds matrix beam tech to selectively mask other traffic while maximizing road illumination.

The Porsche ADAS uses sensors mounted on the vehicle such as:

• Radar sensors
• Forward-facing cameras
• Ultrasonic sensors
• Infrared sensors
• High-definition GPS

As an integral part of the emissions system, the Air Oil Separator (AOS) is designed to extract oil from gases in the engine crankcase. The oil is recycled to the sump and the gas is sent through the combustion path to be burnt and cleaned by the catalytic converters. The AOS has caused numerous issues on Porsche engines such as the M96 and M97 series and is a very common acronym used in the Porsche community.

As the membrane in the AOS fails, oil is sucked into the engine air intake. Initially this can show up as a check engine light for fuel adaptations, while the oil can also be deposited on the o2 sensors causing emission faults. Once the AOS fails completely, the resultant huge clouds of white smoke from burning oil are fairly obvious.

Porsche Center Lock Wheels

Porsche center‑lock wheels feature a single, large central nut as opposed to multiple lugs used to secure the wheel to the hub. The design was originally developed for racing way back in the 1900s when race cars used the old style wire wheels. This design allowed faster wheel changes at the track.

A hollow, tapered shaft on the hub centers the wheel while the single nut secures the wheel to the car. The Porsche center lock system adds a spring‑loaded spline with a small part that retracts and then snaps into the nut splines, preventing loosening even under vibration. However, Porsche was forced to recall certain model ranges in 2024 due to a batch of center‑lock nuts that didn’t meet specs and risked fracturing and wheel detachment – so it’s not fool proof.

The Upsides of Center Lock Wheels

• Just one nut to remove or install significantly reduces pit stop time!
• Reduced rotational mass vs. multiple lug nuts.
• Cool looks – chosen for its performance heritage and aesthetics.

The Downsides of Center Lock Wheels

The standard torque specification for Porsche center lock wheels is 600 Nm! It is crucial to use a calibrated torque wrench and follow the proper tightening sequence and procedure. This includes backing off the torque by 90 degrees before final tightening.

• Special tools required – you need a Porsche‑specific socket tool to install or remove the wheels.
• Precision torque is critical – correct installation involves a specific high torque setting and procedure.

Practicalities of Center Lock Wheels

• Removing the wheel at the roadside is next to impossible.
• Most tire shops will not have the tool and cannot replace tires.
• Flat tire equals towing the car to local specialist or dealer.
• DIY is very risky.

IMS Bearing

M96 engines fitted to the 996, 986, 987, and early 997 911 or Boxster, Cayman can have issues with a bearing at one end of the intermediate shaft or IMS. The shaft connects the two ends of the engine’s timing gear. At one end the shaft drives the oil pump and at the other, finishes in a sealed bearing.

There’s no doubt that a cheap sealed bearing of the kind that sits at the end of the intermediate shaft on an M96 has no place in a performance engine. Porsche subsequently redesigned the engine to eliminate the original IMS bearing design after clearly identifying its potential for weakness.

IMS and IMS bearing are commonly used acronyms typically associated with 996 or 997 911s, and 986 or 987 Boxster/Cayman models.

Porsche InnoDrive

InnoDrive extends Adaptive Cruise Control functionality by integrating predictive route data from the navigation system. Using high-resolution digital maps and GPS positioning, InnoDrive anticipates speed adjustments for upcoming road geometry, speed limits, gradients, and intersections, optimizing vehicle acceleration and deceleration profiles for efficiency, safety, and comfort.

KESSY is the Porsche proximity-based keyless system that lets you unlock your Porsche by touching the door handle and start/stop the engine with a dash-mounted button.

Designed for convenience — no need for the tiresome job of pulling out the key fob! KESSY was considered a high-end luxury feature when it was introduced in the mid-2000s but is now a standard feature on most models.

Known Issues and Concerns

• KESSY control modules can fail, leading to no-start conditions, doors not unlocking, and complete vehicle lock-out.
• Faulty KESSY modules are known to cause parasitic battery drains if they stay awake.
• Key Fob issues were sometimes mistaken for KESSY faults – this is now taken care of in later models by a warning for key battery health.

KESSY and Memory Package

KESSY can be complimented by the Memory Package option. The car’s systems can store settings for each key and therefore personalize a number of driver systems automatically when the key is identified by KESSY. Automatically configured settings include seat position, steering position, mirror positions, HVAC, and infotainment. This automatically reduces the number of times you hear her say “I hate it when you move my seat.”

Lane Change Assist – LCA

Porsche LCA is an acronym for Lane Change Assist. LCA is part of the ADAS system and uses radar sensors in the rear bumper to monitor traffic in the driver’s blind spots and the adjacent lanes behind the vehicle. LCO operates between 10 mph and 155 mph. If a vehicle is detected in the blind spot or approaching quickly from behind, LED indicators in the side mirror housings illuminate. LCA is integrated into the Porsche ADAS system and works with Adaptive Cruise Control.

Porsche Lane Keep Assist – LKA

Lane Keep Assist (LKA) is a forward facing camera assisted part of the Porsche ADAS system. LKA helps prevent unintentional lane departures by gently steering the vehicle back toward the center of a traffic lane. Porsche has tuned the LKA to be subtle, so intervention is less aggressive than in other brands. Other brand systems can be remarkably annoying when you actually want to depart a lane without indicating or quickly avoid an object in the road – you have to fight the car to actually make a lane change. LKA is ideal for drunks and distracted driving, such as the application of makeup, or texting!

Gentle Steering Assistance

• Typically works above 40 mph.
• Designed to feel natural and unobtrusive.
• Lane Departure Warning in some models.
• Vibrates the steering wheel or shows a warning

Integration with Other Systems

• Integrates with Lane Change Assist (LCA) for blind spot monitoring.
• Works alongside Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC).
• Integrates with Porsche InnoDrive

Limitations

• Requires clear lane markings
• Reduced performance in rain, snow, glare, or poorly marked roads.
• Does not replace the driver – hands must stay on the wheel.

Porsche Night Vision Assist – NVA

The Porsche Night Vision Assist is part of the Advanced Driver Assist System. NVA is a safety feature that uses a forward facing thermal imaging camera to detect objects in the roadway in low-light conditions and highlight them before they are visible to the driver using headlights. NVA is particularly good at spotting objects on dark country roads and in the lighting cross over between daylight and when your headlights become fully affective.

The system shows detected objects in yellow on the instrument cluster or using the heads-up display. If a potential collision is imminent, the objects are highlighted in red, accompanied by visual and audible warnings. The system also primes the brakes and uses the LED matrix headlights to flash at pedestrians in danger. Night Vision Assist is a valuable safety system that can help you avoid deer, pedestrians, and drunks with no lights on their bike!

Porsche Night Vision Assist – NVA – Overview

Thermal Imaging

• The system utilizes an infrared camera to detect heat signatures.
• Able see in the dark and through conditions that might obscure visibility, like fog or dust.

 Early Detection

• Night Vision Assist detects pedestrians and animals quickly.
• Quicker than a driver can with headlights alone.
• Allows more driver reaction time.

Visual and Audible Alerts

• Detected objects are highlighted on the instrument cluster display
• Integrated with heads-up windshield display in late models.
• Yellow, then red warning if a potential collision is detected.
• NVA provides audible warnings to alert the driver of potential hazards.

Integration

• In cases of potential collisions, the system also primes the brakes to reduce stopping distance.
• The system can also work with the PDLS Plus matrix headlights to flash at pedestrians, making them more visible to the driver.
• Does not flash headlights at animals and is designed to not startle wildlife.

Activation and Deactivation in Urban Areas

• To prevent false alarms from pets on leashes, the animal warning function is automatically deactivated in urban areas.
• The system automatically switches on in darkness and is active up to speeds of 155 MPH.

Porsche Active Aerodynamics – PAA

PAA is the acronym for Porsche Active Aerodynamics. This is a Porsche system for automatically adjusting aerodynamic elements on various models. Adjustable elements include rear spoilers, front air flaps, and diffusers. Aero changes are made based on speed, driving mode, and conditions.

Porsche Active Aerodynamics (PAA) adapts the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle to the specific driving situation, speed, and selected driving mode. PAA was first available on the 911 Turbo launched in 2014. Subsequently, all models from the 718 through to the Panamera now feature some active aerodynamic elements.

Porsche Active Drivetrain Mounts – PADM

PADM is a performance enhancing technology designed to improve both comfort and handling by dynamically adjusting the stiffness of the engine and transmission mounts. PADM uses electromagnetically controlled mounts that actively adapt to driving conditions. The system stiffens the mounts under aggressive driving for better performance, and softens them during normal driving to enhance comfort and reduce vibrations. PADM integrates with Sport Chrono, PSM and PASM.

• Sensors monitor engine movement, steering input, acceleration, and chassis dynamics.
• The system uses electrohydraulic actuators to vary the stiffness of the drivetrain mounts.
• Under load, the mounts become stiffer and reduce drivetrain movement.
• In cruising conditions, the mounts soften for a smoother, quieter ride.

PADM faults are common and the mounts have been updated a number of times to decrease the number of failures. PADM repairs can be expensive, with a pair of engine mounts costing north of $3K.

Porsche Active Safe – PAS

PAS is the acronym for Porsche Active Safe. PAS is an advanced forward-collision mitigation system engineered to reduce the likelihood and severity of front-end impacts. Utilizing a high-resolution, long-range forward-facing radar sensor in conjunction with an onboard control unit, PAS continuously monitors traffic conditions ahead to provide predictive collision avoidance and driver assistance.

Frontal collisions are among the most prevalent accident types, particularly in urban intersections and congested traffic scenarios. Porsche developed PAS as an integrated driver-warning and autonomous braking solution. By dynamically evaluating vehicle speed, closing rate, and roadway conditions, PAS can initiate graduated intervention to mitigate collision forces or avoid impacts entirely.

System Architecture and Operation
At the core of PAS is a millimeter-wave radar module capable of detecting vehicles at distances exceeding 200 meters. Sensor data is processed in real time by a dedicated control unit, which calculates time-to-collision (TTC) and relative velocity.

• Stage 1 – Driver Alert: When the system identifies an elevated collision probability, it issues an immediate visual and acoustic warning, prompting the driver to decelerate.

• Stage 2 – Pre-Brake Intervention: In situations with reduced available reaction time, PAS pre-charges the braking system and may apply partial brake force to reduce closing speed.

• Stage 3 – Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB): If an impact is imminent and driver input is insufficient, PAS applies maximum hydraulic braking pressure to achieve the shortest possible stopping distance.

Through these tiered responses, Porsche Active Safe significantly reduces kinetic energy at the moment of potential impact, lowering accident severity and enhancing overall vehicle safety.

PASM – Porsche Active Suspension Management

PASM is a suspension technology that constantly makes adjustments to the dampers or shock absorbers in various Porsche models. PASM dynamically controls the damping force based on the feedback from road conditions or driving mode you choose. This enables the suspension to be controlled based on performance – comfort for longer drives, versus tight, firm suspension for more aggressive driving. PASM allows a 911 for example, to feel like a GT cruiser in one mode and turn fast laps in another.

The PASM damper sensors monitor such variables as steering input, how you accelerate, braking, suspension travel, and road conditions. PASM then automatically adjusts the suspension settings for the appropriate handling and ride quality in just a matter of milliseconds. PASM also works in conjunction with driving modes such as Sport and Sport Plus.

PASM Sport

On certain models, an enhanced system called PASM Sport is available. PASM Sport lowers the vehicle height ride height by up to 10mm and has a more firm, sport-oriented damper setting.

PASM Driving Modes

Using the PASM button or option via the PCM allows the configuration of the suspension into different driving modes. In the 911, for example, there are five settings available – Normal, Sport, Sport+, Wet, and an Individual mode. Switching modes changes the suspension characteristics and performance handling.

Porsche Car Connect – PCC

Porsche Car Connect (PCC) is Porsche’s connected services platform that lets you remotely access and monitor your vehicle via a smartphone app, smartwatch, or web portal. It combines convenience, security, and certain performance-related functions for most of the newer models. The app includes:

Remote Services

• Lock or unlock doors remotely
• Locate the vehicle on a map
• Honk horn or flash lights to help find the car

Vehicle Status & Monitoring

• Fuel or battery level
• Tire pressure
• Mileage and service intervals
• Trip data and driving statistics

Security & Anti-Theft

• Stolen Vehicle Tracking System (SVTS) with police liaison
• Motion alarm notifications
• Geofencing and speed alerts – notifications if the vehicle leaves a predefined area or exceeds a set speed

E-Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Functions

• Pre-condition cabin temperature
• Monitor and schedule charging sessions
• View electric range and battery status

Apple Watch / WearOS Integration

Quick access to lock or unlock, vehicle location, and status

Porsche Ceramic Composite Brakes – PCCB

PCCB is a braking option available on higher end models. The PCCB option is a high-performance braking system that replaces conventional cast-iron rotors with ceramic composite discs made from carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide.

Models fitted with the optional Ceramic Composite Brakes are usually determined by yellow calipers. If a Porsche is fitted with the PCCB option and the brakes need to be replaced the cost will be between $10K and $20K.

Upside of having PCCB brakes:

• Good weight savings
• Reduces rotational mass for better handling and ride
• Superior heat resistance
• Significantly longer lifespan – 100K miles possible
• Virtually no brake dust

The downsides of PCCB brakes:

• Very expensive replacement cost
• Not practical for frequent track use.
• Slightly less initial bite when cold – not dangerous, just noticeable
• Susceptibility to chipping or damage if not handled correctly

Porsche Communication Management – PCM

PCM is the main user interface inside a Porsche and is typically found housed in the center console screen. PCM is designed to provide the integration between the driver and vehicle systems, configuration settings, convenience, maintenance, and entertainment connectivity. Depending on the model year, PCM can include:

• Navigation system with real-time traffic
• Touchscreen media player – radio, USB, Bluetooth, SD, etc.
• Smartphone integration – Apple CarPlay, Android
• Voice control and onboard assistant
• Vehicle settings – drive modes, lighting, and driver assist systems
• Optional Connect Plus for Apps

PCM by Version

• PCM 3.0 – 2008 – 2012 : Early touchscreen, basic nav / media, no smartphone support.
• PCM 3.1 – 2012 – 2016 : Improved interface, Bluetooth audio, no CarPlay.
• PCM 4.0 – 2016 – 2019 : Color touchscreen, Apple CarPlay included.
• PCM 5.0 – 2019 – 2022 – HD display, voice control, online navigation, CarPlay, Android Auto update.
• PCM 6.0 – 2022+ : Fully digital, wireless CarPlay, Android Auto, OTA updates.

Porsche Classic Communication Management – PCCM

Porsche has made available infotainment system retrofit upgrades for various models from the 987 forward. This gives you the option to remove the older style infotainment system and replace it with the latest version PCCM Plus. Great option if you must be connected all the time! The cost is quite high, but it’s a great way to modernize the infotainment in a classic model.

The PCCM Plus equipment includes a 7-inch touchscreen with a state-of-the-art graphical display. It can enable the reception of digital radio stations such as SiriusXM® satellite radio. The latest navigation updates are included and media playback is possible via USB stick, Bluetooth®, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto™. In some models, personal settings for the car can also be stored for the lights, the windscreen wipers, the climate control and the locking.

Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control – PDCC

PDCC is an advanced automated active anti-roll stabilization system. PDCC is designed to significantly reduce body roll during cornering and improves handling and ride comfort. PDCC uses electro-hydraulic actuators in the front and rear anti-roll bars to actively counteract body lean or roll in real time. Traditional passive sway bars allow some body roll before reacting and stopping any further roll. PDCC actively resists any roll the moment it begins and keeps the car flatter through turns.

• Electronic sensors detect cornering forces, steering angle, and vehicle yaw rate.
• Hydraulic actuators twist the anti-roll bars in opposing directions to neutralize body movement.
• PDCC operates independently at front and rear axles for precise body control.
• PDCC seamlessly integrates with PASM, PTV, and PTM for consistent chassis response.

PDCC Sport – PDCC+

The Sport or Plus version of PDCC provides a more aggressive set of parameters for the control of body roll in cornering on more extreme models such as the Panamera Turbo S or 911 Turbo S.

PDCC Maintenance

The PDCC system does require maintenance every 6 years or 60K miles. The fluid and reservoir should be replaced at the 6 year interval.

7 Speed PDK Transmission

The Porsche-Doppelkupplungsgetriebe – which translates to Porsche double-clutch transmission or PDK is now the standard transmission fitted to most Porsche models.

In general, the Porsche PDK transmission is extremely reliable and changes gear rapidly. Even diehard manual transmission fans have to admit that the PDK is better than a three pedal manual car. However, a number of common issues have arisen with the PDK over time, and many of those have led to expensive repairs being deemed necessary.

The Porsche factory recommendations for maintenance for the PDK transmission have also evolved over time, with maintenance now being performed more frequently than originally recommended at the introduction of the transmission.

See PDK common problems and PDK repairs for more information.

PDLS or PDLS+ – Porsche Dynamic Light System

The Porsche Dynamic Light System is designed to optimize headlight performance in low-visibility or night time conditions. The system has evolved since it’s introduction from being an enhanced lighting package including LEDs and daylight running lights, to onboard camera control for automatic high beam adjustment with the PDLS Plus system. PDLS is model and production date specific.

PDLS includes:

• Bi-Xenon or LED headlights – depending on model year
• Dynamic cornering lights – headlights swivel into corners based on steering angle and speed
• Automatic leveling – maintains correct headlight angle regardless of occupancy load
• Speed-sensitive beam range control – wider beam at low speeds, longer reach at high speeds
• LED DRLs – signature 4-point LED daytime running lights – later models

PDLS + includes:

• Dynamic Automatic High Beam  – automatically changes high beam to avoid blinding oncoming traffic
• Camera-based beam pattern adaptation – adjusts lighting in real-time based on surroundings
• Advanced adaptive lighting functions for highway, city, and adverse weather driving conditions such as fog

PDLS can add significant cost to repairs of the lighting system. If you have a headlight go out and expect replacement to be close to the cost of a bulb, you’re going to be unpleasantly surprised. Headlight replacement costs on a PDLS system can be north of $4K!

Porsche Side Impact Protection System – POSIP

POSIP is Porsche’s safety side impact protection system that is designed to provide additional defense against side impacts especially in cabriolet vehicles. POSIP provides the occupants with more extensive protection than is usual with previous side airbags systems. Each POSIP system is developed for model specific requirements. It features:

• Airbags mounted in the seat side bolsters for both driver and passenger.
• Airbags are deployed to protect the torso during a side impact.
• Airbags integrated into the door panels or roof frame.
• Airbags deployed upward and across to protect the head.
• Reinforced door structure to absorb and distribute impact forces.
• Side-impact sensors detect rapid deceleration or deformation in milliseconds.
• Control unit triggers airbag deployment in the affected area only.
• Hybrid gas generator inflates the airbags reducing pyrotechnic components.

In the event of a side impact, POSIP deploys torso airbags from the seats and head-protection airbags from the roof or door frame almost instantly. The reinforced door frame and sill help absorb the crash energy before it reaches the passenger compartment and the POSIP system works in conjunction with front airbags, seat belt pretensioners, and rollover protection in convertible models.

Porsche Surface Coated Brakes – PSCB

PSCB is a new type of brake option added to the Porsche range. PSCB is Porsche Surface Coated Brakes. This is a newer technology that adds a cost-effective upgraded braking system for Porsche vehicles. PSCB is designed to sit in the middle between the standard brakes offered on a model and the high-end expensive PCCB ceramic brake option.

PSCB uses a tungsten carbide coating applied to standard cast-iron brake rotors. This results in stronger braking, significantly reduced brake dust and corrosion, and increases the lifespan of the rotors compared to traditional iron brakes.

The PSCB option is visually identified by white calipers and a reflective, mirror-like surface on the brake rotor after an initial break-in period.

How PSCB Works

• A layer of tungsten carbide is sprayed onto the cast-iron brake rotors.
• The coating hardens the rotor surface significantly and makes it much more durable.
• The brake pads polish the tungsten carbide surface, creating a distinctive reflective mirror finish.
• The rotors develop a smooth, reflective, mirror-like surface after being driven for a few hundred kilometers.
• The PSCB option is distinguished by white brake calipers.

PSCB Advantages

• Significantly reduced brake dust and cleaner wheels.
• The coating protects the rotors from rust during periods of inactivity.
• The better friction coefficient enables stable and responsive feel under heavy braking.
• The hard tungsten carbide surface significantly increases the lifespan of the brake pads and rotors.
• PSCB provides lower cost with the comparable performance of expensive ceramic brakes.

Porsche PSE is an acronym for Porsche Sport Exhaust. PSE is an optional factory-installed exhaust system that enhances the sound of your Porsche at the touch of a button or through selected driving modes. PSE offers a more aggressive and sporty tone from the exhaust when activated. Some Porsche models with PSE also feature visual differences, such as black tailpipes.

How PSE Works

PSE utilizes electro-mechanical valves within the exhaust system. When activated, usually via a button or through driving mode selection, the valves reroute the exhaust gases and bypass some of the sound-absorbing components within the muffler. This creates a deeper, louder, and more pronounced sound with more pops on deceleration.

Driver Control

The system is designed for driver control, allowing the choice between the standard, quieter exhaust note or the enhanced sound of the PSE. The PSE is also activated with driving modes such as sport or sport plus via the Sport Chrono package.

Always Louder

Some owners opt to bypass the system by disconnecting the electrical connector to the solenoid that operates the valving. This defaults the exhaust to the louder setting but can set a PSE fault code.

PSM – Porsche Stability Management

Originally, PSM was an extra option for 911 cars but subsequently has been built in as standard to all models. Essentially, PSM is an electronic stability control system that helps the driver maintain control of the vehicle during challenging driving conditions such as high speed cornering or fast maneuvering on wet slippery surfaces.

PSM monitors and interprets inputs from various parameters such as speed, steering angle, and vehicle yaw rate to determine stability. If the system detects circumstances where dangerous instability may occur, it takes control of the throttle, brakes, and suspension to bring the car to a stable situation.

Turning Off PSM

PSM can be over conservative on some models and has improved consistently over the years. Most Porsche models include a PSM button that allows the system to be disabled. The amount of disabling does depend on the model. On most 911 models for example, the system is fully disabled by the touch of the button. This allows you to have significantly more fun when pushing the car to the ragged edge and is the recommended mode for on track driving and HPDE.

PSM Sport Mode

Porsche also offers models with PSM Sport mode. This is a compromise between completely disabling the stability control and the conservative mode. PSM Sport Mode allows for a greater degree of wheel slip and driver input before it decides to intervene and take control. This means you can take the Macan to an HPDE session, turn some quick laps, but not loose control completely – more fun without the bang, ding, ouch!

PSM Failure Messages

Because the PSM system is so interconnected, the dashboard message PSM failure can be deceptive. The PSM per se has not itself failed. The likelihood is a single sensor or component connected to the system is broken. The interconnection of the systems can result in the reporting of multiple faults and cause significant confusion to the untrained. Commonly a single sensor such as a wheel speed sensor failure, will report multiple faults in various OBD systems. Proper diagnosis of the root cause will save you money versus part replacement guess work.

We highly recommend you seek the professional guidance of a Porsche specialist to diagnose and make repairs to solve the PSM failure messages.

Porsche Traction Management – PTM

PTM is Porsche’s proprietary all-wheel-drive system that is designed to intelligently distribute power between the front and rear wheels. PTM can automatically optimize traction, stability, and performance on all surfaces and in all driving conditions. PTM is standard on all 4 wheel drive models.

• PTM is an electronically controlled active AWD system.
• In normal driving, most power is sent to the rear wheels, preserving Porsche’s rear-biased handling.
• When required, torque is redirected to the front axle to maintain traction.
• PTM works in conjunction with PASM, PSM, and PTV on AWD models.

PTV and PTV+
Porsche Torque Vectoring

Porsche Torque Vectoring (PTV) and PTV Plus are advanced performance handling systems designed to sharpen cornering precision. The original version of this technique was a mechanical rear differential called a limited slip diff or LSD. PTV is the updated electronic version.

Where a traditional LSD reacts to wheel slip during corner entry, PTV anticipates wheel slip and takes pre-emptive action. By actively varying torque between the rear wheels, PTV enhances both agility and stability by using either a mechanical or electronic rear differential locking system based on the fitted transmission.

PTV Plus, the more sophisticated version, features a fully electronic rear differential lock, and delivers faster, more precise torque distribution for dynamic, high-speed cornering in conjunction with the PDK. In addition, PTV can use the braking system to control the rotation of the inner wheel during corner entry, creating a rotational pulse to improve turn-in.

Porsche Vehicle Tracking System – PVTS

Porsche Vehicle Tracking System (PVTS) is Porsche’s factory-integrated stolen vehicle recovery and tracking solution. PVTS is essentially the anti-theft arm of Porsche Car Connect package in many markets, but it’s specifically focused on theft detection and recovery. Functionality includes:

24/7 Monitoring

• Vehicle is monitored by an operations center at all times.
• If the alarm triggers or the vehicle is moved without authorization, you get an instant alert.

Automatic Theft Notification

• If the car is moved without the ignition being turned on (e.g., towed or lifted by the parking nazis), the system alerts both you and the security center.

GPS-Based Location Tracking

• In the event of theft, the PVTS center can track the exact location of the vehicle in real time.
• Works even if the car is hidden or transported.

Police Liaison

• PVTS coordinates directly with local law enforcement to recover the car quickly.

Extended Features (PVTS Plus in some regions)

• Geofencing – Alerts when the car enters orexits predefined areas.
• Driver Card: Small RFID card you carry – if the car moves without the card present, it triggers an alert.

PVTS is a subscription based service and typical costs are $280 per year in the USA.

Porsche Rear-Axle Steering – RAS

Porsche Rear-Axle Steering (RAS) is an active chassis system that turns the rear wheels in coordination with the front wheels to improve agility, stability, and maneuverability. Rear Axle Steering works through electromechanical actuators on the rear suspension that pivot and turn the rear wheels by up to 2.8 degrees from straight. The RAS control unit decides whether the rear wheels turn in the same direction or opposite direction to the front wheels based on vehicle speed and steering input. This enables two speeds of operation:

Low-Speed Maneuvering 30–50 KMH – Rear wheels turn opposite the front wheels.

• shorter virtual wheelbase and tighter turning radius
• easier parking maneuvers
• more nimble in city driving

High-Speed Stability above 50 KMH – Rear wheels turn in the same direction as the front wheels.

• Longer virtual wheelbase and greater stability
• Enhanced high-speed cornering
• Quicker turn-in feel

Rear Main Seal – RMS

A rear main seal (RMS) is a critical engine oil seal located at the back of the engine where the crankshaft exits the engine block and connects to the flywheel or transmission. The rear main seal prevents oil from leaking past the end of the crankshaft while allowing the crankshaft to freely rotate. The acronym RMS is widely used in the Porsche community because of the consistent issues Porsche engines have experienced with leaking rear main seals. The early M96 and M97 engines in the 996 and 997 911, and 986 and 987 Boxster are the most prolific. However, the RMS can continue to be a problem even in the most recent engines.

If the RMS fails, engine oil can leak into the bellhousing area and contaminate the clutch in a manual car. Oil loss can lead to low oil levels and potential engine damage if not addressed quickly. Replacing an RMS requires the removal of the transmission and therefore can be quite expensive repair work.

Porsche Sport Chrono Package

The Porsche Sport Chrono Package is an optional performance upgrade that enhances a Porsche models driving dynamics while adding track-oriented features. An option on some models and standard on upgraded models such as the GTS, Sport Chrono is evident by the analog stopwatch on the dash or digital timer in PCM on some models. Sport Chrono was first introduced in the 997 Carrera.

Sport Chrono modes produce sharper throttle response, quicker gearshifts, firmer suspension, and more exhaust sound. Plus modes maximize performance and add aggressive gear shift mapping, higher stability control thresholds, and enable launch control. In manual cars, Sport Chrono modifies throttle blip on downshifts. Sport Chrono integrates with other systems such as PSM, PASM, PSE, PADM, PDCC, PTV, etc.

Sport Chrono Main Components

Mode Selector – on steering wheel in newer models

• Switch between Normal, Sport, Sport Plus, and Individual modes.
• Each mode changes throttle response, transmission mapping, suspension stiffness, (if PASM equipped), exhaust sound (if PSE equipped), and stability control thresholds.

Launch Control – PDK transmission integration

• Optimizes acceleration from a standstill for maximum performance.
• Available when Sport Plus mode is active.

Dynamic Engine Mounts – PADM

• Electronically adjust stiffness to reduce engine movement during hard cornering.
• Improves handling balance and comfort.

Suspension Management – PASM, PDCC, PTV

• Changes suspension settings to firmer ride
• Lowers the ride height
• Tighter suspension feel
• Integrates with PTV for sharper cornering
• Integrates with Rear Axle Steering

Performance Display / Lap Timer

• Analog stopwatch on the dash or digital timer in PCM.
• Measures lap times, acceleration runs, and G-forces.
• In newer PCM systems, it can store track data via Porsche Track Precision App.

Overboost Function – turbocharged engines

• Temporarily increases turbo boost pressure in Sport Plus mode for short bursts of extra power.

While not an acronym, there is a lot of discussion and noise concerning the Porsche transfer case or all wheel drive controller and associated known issues. The Porsche transfer case is the core mechanical unit within the all wheel drive system that makes the Macan, Cayenne, Panamera, and AWD 911 variants capable of intelligently distributing power to all four wheels based on driving conditions.

The transfer case is a gearbox-like housing bolted to the back of the main transmission:

• Uses a multiplate clutch pack and electronic control to vary the torque split between the front and rear axles.
• Managed by Porsche Traction Management (PTM).
• Constantly adjusts power flow to axle based on wheel slip, throttle position, steering angle, and stability control inputs.

Failure of the transfer case has become a common issue on all wheel drive models. Porsche extended the warranty on the transfer case for the Macan, Cayenne, and Panamera and revised the technology. However, the transfer case remains a potential weak point and an expensive repair. Recommended maintenance for the transfer case has been increased as a result of common failures. Porsche now recommends the transfer case fluid is exchanged more frequently than the original lifetime recommendation!

Porsche’s adaptive turbocharger technology called Variable Turbine Geometry (VTG) is designed to significantly reduce turbo lag. The system adjusts the turbocharger’s turbine vanes on demand producing a wider and flatter torque curve to significantly improve drivability. In addition, VTG enhances engine efficiency producing more power for less fuel consumption.

At low engine speeds the vanes close to create a smaller exhaust gas passage:

• Increasing exhaust velocity and spinning the turbine faster
• Reducing turbo lag and improving low-end torque

At high engine speeds the vanes open to allow more exhaust flow:

• Prevents destructive backpressure
• Allows the turbo to deliver maximum high-end power

VTG works by manipulating electronically controlled, adjustable guide vanes inside the turbine housing. These are controlled by the ECU based on load, RPM, throttle input, and other PSM based sensor data. Porsche engineered the system with heat-resistant materials to handle higher exhaust gas temperatures and launched the technology with the 997 911 Turbo.

The X51 Power Kit, is optional on 911 Carrera S models, and standard on all GTS models. The X51 Power Kit is a performance upgrade and typically includes the following factory engine modifications:

• Polished ported cylinder heads
• Revised camshafts
• Sport air intake and airbox
• Sports exhaust system
• Remapped ECU

The X51 Power Kit delivers more power, torque, and rev range. Most noticeable is a stronger mid‑range responsiveness and a distinct performance character above 3000 rpm. The X51 Power kit peak power gains are modest, however, it reshapes the torque curve and broadens the usable power band for a better feel.